Ucla mechanical engineering transfer requirements. 09% transfer applicants, which is competitive.

It’s easy to switch within a school but not across schools. For instance, the food studies minor can be a nice complement to majors in chemistry, biology, communication and many more things. More degree programs may be added in the future so you should check back periodically to see if your major has joined this list. Box 951597. Degrees on page 22 or the GE Requirement web page. Ingrid Lee, Computer Science & Engineering ’25. * The number of applications to this major greatly exceeds the space available. (17 units minimum for Fall 2009-Fall 2016 admits) Total GE. The other primary responsibility is to work with the electrical engineering design team, providing mechanical analysis and design input in the development of improved components and new products. ) degrees in Aerospace Engineering. Prior to applying, review the closed programs page to confirm that your desired engineering program is available to transfer students. Each department in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science has a graduate adviser. Introduction by faculty members and industry lecturers to mechanical and aerospace engineering disciplines through current and emerging applications in aerospace, medical instrumentation, automotive, entertainment, energy, and manufacturing industries. at Berkeley. The UCLA Samueli Engineering Transfer Center is a resource especially for transfers pursing Engineering degrees. 4732 Boelter Hall. 0. The UCLA General Catalog is published annually in PDF and HTML formats. Keeping it above a 3. 2024-2025 Freshman Undergraduate Program in Mechanical Engineering. ACT or SAT test scores ( testing optional for 2023–2024 and 2024–2025) Official high school transcript (should include your graduation date). High power and high energy lasers, laser materials interaction. • Make decisions and provide technical data for decisions that impact compliance with design specifications. The mechanical engineering program All students intending to major in Political Science must enroll as Prepolitical Science majors. 48-121 Engineering IV. Course. Other courses in the subgroups may be 4 units. assist. If you're working on an Associate Degree in electrical engineering at your community college, there's a lot of overlap with UC Transfer Pathway coursework. The mechanical engineering program 310-825-7660. Winter 2025. Students and Prospective students, please use the Message Center links above (not Email) to correspond with our academic counselors. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1436. Engineering UCLA- STEM Program. Students who are determined to succeed no matter what obstacles they encounter. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1601. Department Chair. Website May 6, 2024 · UCLA Samueli. Please note: one critical element we are not able to quantify here is the completion of major preparation requirements. Welcome, Transfer Student Applicant. The ABET-accredited mechanical engineering program is designed to provide basic knowledge in thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, solid mechanics, mechanical design, dynamics, control, mechanical systems, manufacturing, and materials. For a specific program fee breakdown, please visit the Registrar's Annual Fees. Study of Religion. The Engineering Student Resource Center office, encompassing the Engineering Transfer Center, is open from 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM daily. MECH&AE 94 – Introduction to Computer-Aided Design and Drafting. Email: maeapp@seas. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 105D – Transport Phenomena 2. We do not accept applications from students Chemical Engineering 101B – Transport Phenomena II: Heat Transfer 2. Numerous research opportunities are available for undergraduates. Phone (310) 825-7793. Writing Requirement: (a) English Composition 3, 3D, 3DS, 3E, or 3SL which must be completed with a minimum grade of C by the end of the second year of enrollment at UCLA (this requirement may be satisfied by a score of 4 or 5 on the English Language and In-person hours: Monday – Thursday, 10 a. Click on any minor for more information. 3 (or July 1-31, 2023, for winter/spring 2024) at apply. You are not guaranteed a spot in CoE if you matriculate into CoL&S. Email: admissions@seas. 2023-2024 Undergraduate Programs. ago. xfluux. The mechanical engineering program Yes. edu. I’m a 4th year computer science major at UCLA, expecting to graduate this fall. May 11, 2024 · During the 2023 – 2024 academic year, our staff is working a hybrid model of in-office days and work from home days each week. ) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. TAG studen. Hi there, my name is Jingwen Fan and I go by Jaelyn. Sasha Grishchenko, Chemical Engineering ’23. davoyan@seas. 00 Preparation for Prospective Transfer Students Watch this video, created by the UCSB Office of Admissions, for an overview of the requirements to transfer. The Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science offers 10 four-year curricula listed below (see the departmental listings for complete descriptions of the programs), in addition to undergraduate minors in Bioinformatics, Data Science Engineering, and Environmental ADDRESS. Accounting. 09% transfer applicants, which is competitive. To have a shot at transferring into UCLA, you should have a current GPA of at least 3. Doctoral Degree. Website: msol. Faculty Members. 05. Welcome (video + message) Contact Department. Jump to: Majors in the College; Majors in the School of the Arts and Architecture; Majors in the Samueli School of Engineering You may apply for admission as a transfer if you meet the following criteria: You graduated from high school and completed college-level coursework in a regular session at any college or university since your graduation. 4 The Engineering Department has compiled a list of common transfer schools from CSU's, US's, and privates. Fall 2024 (Enroll in C&EE M20) Winter 2025. Repeat grades will not be considered. Community college transfers: Students preparing to transfer into an undergraduate major in the UCSB College of Engineering from a California Community College should use www. edu Master of Science in Engineering – (Aerospace, Computer Networking, Electrical, Electronic Materials, Integrated Circuits, Materials Science, Mechanical, Manufacturing and Design, Structural Materials) Each student’s transcript will list courses by department name and course number in the same manner as they are for the on-campus programs. 2 or higher earned in transferable courses. And in the degree year 2016–17, 36 percent of bachelor’s degree recipients had started UCLA as transfer students. Aleksandra Dudek, Mechanical Engineering ’23. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 107 – Introduction to Modeling and Analysis of Dynamic Systems 2. Leading to the degree of: M. Course descriptions for each AP subject are reviewed by UCLA on a yearly basis. The online application includes complete instructions and further information. Transfer Profile by Major - Fall 2022. ) degrees in Mechanical Engineering, and the Master of Science (M. Students must complete their major preparation requirements by the end of spring prior to transfer. Fall 2024. GPA of 3. Program Description: The objective of this program is to provide students with a broad knowledge of the major areas of mechanical engineering in order to fulfill the current and future needs of the industry. Degree Objective. Complete the following UC-transferable seven course pattern with minimum C (2. 5%. Total = 18 units minimum. Annie Zhao, Materials Engineering ’21. Special topics in mechanical and aerospace engineering for undergraduate students taught on experimental or temporary basis, such as those taught by resident and visiting faculty members. 89 - ideally you’re GPA will be around 4. Staff and Faculty can contact Maggie by sending email to: mcazares@seas. Online (MSOL) program and the new Master of Engineering (MEng) program GE list – For Freshmen and Transfer Students Who Entered Fall Quarter 2005 and Thereafter. Jun 24, 2024 · Transfer from De Anza College. English 1A and 1B or 1C or Philosophy 105 or Psychology 103. Applications to the School of Engineering are reviewed for admission by the School. It's not difficult keeping your GPA above a 3. Strong foundation in mechanical engineering (Solidworks/Onshape, simulation, materials selection, etc. Pilon, a professor of mechanical and Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 105D – Transport Phenomena 2. Function as a productive member of a team that considers multiple aspects of an engineering problem. Advising. 951601. Format: Live Online. In addition, you will need to submit standardized test scores. m. Leadership in education, research, and public service make UCLA a beacon of excellence in higher education, as students, faculty members, and staff come together in a true community of scholars to advance knowledge, address societal challenges, and pursue intellectual and The Mechanical Engineering Pathway applies to the degree programs listed below. Units: 2. Feel free to use the information presented to help create your transfer plan. 4: Chemical Engineering 103 – Separation Processes 2. Tuition and fees vary from these amounts for professional degrees and self-supporting degrees. Master of Science. Computer Science ESAP is a guarantee of admission to the UCLA Samueli Engineering M. Degree worksheet: 2023. MECH&AE 715. The Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering offers the Master of Science (M. Apply for admission to UC between October 1 and November 30, 2022, for fall 20. 5: 3rd Quarter: Chemical Engineering 101C – Mass Transfer 2. The mechanical engineering program Tuition and fees for most doctoral and master's programs are about $16,847 per year for California residents, and about $31,949 annually for non-California residents. For some areas of study, major preparation is also required and must be completed by the end of spring term prior to fall admission. 20%. Following is a list of all the minors offered to undergraduates at UCLA. 0 to 4. For example, if your intended major is Biomedical Engineering, and already took two semesters of chemistry, you could take the next two chemistry courses in the sequence, or start working on your biology courses. With that said, engineering companies (software to be more specific) are starting to ditch the 3. Engr Undergrad Progs Admission. (310) 825-1704. Next Start Date: July 6, 2024. Here, you will find information for both current transfer students at Samueli Engineering, and prospective transfer students from community colleges. This guide is not a substitute or replacement for your college counselor, who can advise you about requirements for multiple universities. Explore the College and the professional schools to see the preparatory classes for your intended major. Computer Science & Engineering. MECH&AE 82 – Mathematics of Engineering. 3. 10. Undeclared Engineering. Advanced and breakthrough propulsion. Visit our Transcripts and College Report page for information about equivalent documents you may submit. Chemistry 2A (not required for Computer Engineering) Mathematics 21A/B/C/D. Meeting the minimum requirements does not Doctoral Degree. Undergraduate programs and degree worksheets from previous years are available through the Undergraduate Guide archive. 5 requirement following Google's analysis that GPA was not a great indicator of job success. You can find those in Step 2 below. ) new. Classes are led by faculty members who are world leaders in their field. However, all courses, course descriptions, instructor designations, curricular degree requirements, and fees described herein In addition to the coursework above, you will need to fulfill minimum requirements expected of all transfer applicants to UC. Engineering is a major offered by the Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. 0 units for transfer students) for a letter grade at the University of California and must have attained a cumulative grade-point average at graduation which places them in the top five percent Transfer Student Application Requirements. Whether you are interested in going into graduate school right after earning your bachelor’s degree or want to take some time off in between, this timeline will help you get a sense of what you need to be thinking about to be competitive in the application process. Claire Killian, Civil Engineering ’20. Major Code: 00AR. Requirements: Basic Knowledge of ISO and/or AS9100; Working knowledge of Lean Manufacturing/6 Sigma/Kaizen Mechanical Engineering (Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering) Mechanical Engineering is a program in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. fill all remaining coursework and GPA requirements designated on the TAG agreement. 188. Mar 8, 2019 · Updated: 03/08/2019 . ) degree in Manufacturing Engineering, the Master of Science (M. Lecture, two to four hours; outside study, four to eight hours. s must submit a UC application; submitting the TAG application a. at Irvine. The Aerospace Engineering major has the following learning outcomes: Application of knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering. For entry in the fall of 2023, UCI received 21,995 applications and accepted 9,545 students. 5 will require a bit more effort. Check out our events, resources, or just come hang out! This course is designed to help you prepare for the PE Mechanical Exam. 1. To find a listing of UC San Diego course descriptions, please visit the General Catalog. Aerospace Engineering (B. Use this page to understand requirements for admission into any of Purdue's engineering disciplines (degree programs). Overview by School Type Transferring From Applicants % of Applicants Admits % of Admits Admit Rate; CA Community Colleges: 19,091: 80%: 5,715: 92%: 30%: Other UC Campuses Feb 6, 2024 · Common Application. UCLA Samueli GE Elective 3. Four transferable college courses in at least Preparation for Prospective Transfer Students Watch this video, created by the UCSB Office of Admissions, for an overview of the requirements to transfer to the UCSB College of Engineering. ) Chemical Engineering (B. GEs are grouped into three UCLA offers more than 90 minors, many of which you can pair in unexpected ways with majors. • Intensely involved in all phases of the design from analysis, testing, and qualification for production and sale to the public. 20 GPA in the entire group of courses. Anneliese Peterson, Aerospace Engineering ’21. 4 Apply. Carefully review the admission requirements below. 6426 BH. Check out this UC Transfer Planner – a guide for California Community College students transferring to UC. It is incumbent upon students to continue to make progress in a backup major while pursuing a new major in the College of Engineering, and to periodically consult academic advisors in both the desired major as well as the backup major regarding the viability of pursuing the change of major. 7%. ) Computer Engineering (B. May 13, 2024 · Preparation for all Engineering majors*. Familiarity with semiconductor processing— thin film deposition & etching, photolithography, etc. FAQ for Changing of Majors into or adding a minor in the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering All requirements and information about the application process on our main Change of Major Website Engineering Transfer Criteria. AP exams, International Baccalaureate exams and college courses taken before or after enrolling at UCLA may be duplicative. Hands-on experience with mechanical assembly design and analysis from coursework, internships, or personal projects. The planner includes the transfer path for California community college students, links to admission requirements by UC campuses, and other online resources. Engineering is part of College of Engineering while Art is part of College of Letters and Sciences. berkeley. Address: 4732 Boelter Hall 951601 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1601. Students who have not completed labs (ex: MAE 157 or MAE 183A or MAE M183B) and key required courses please be aware of conflicts with the 162D and 162E lab times for W21 and Sp21. 1147 Murphy Hall, Box 951436. Additionally, you will find links to the college of engineering that corresponds to each school. A current list of graduate advisers can be obtained from the Office of the Associate Dean for Academic and Student Affairs, 6426 Boelter Hall, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. The fee is $80 for each UC ($95 for international and non-immigrant applicants). When you have options, try to select courses for your Associate Few universities in the world offer the extraordinary range and diversity of academic programs that students enjoy at UCLA. Thursday, November 16, 2023 & Friday, November 17, 2023. UCLA accepts 24. The Mechanical Engineering major is offered at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Major Code: 0330. To meet the selection criteria for admission by UC Santa Cruz, transfer students should complete the following no later than the end of the spring term prior to fall transfer: Complete at least 60 semester units or 90 quarter units of UC-transferable coursework. Attn: Transcripts. Undergraduate Seminar. Below you will find lists of available STEM and engineering programs offered by each university. S. Design of a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. 01. I’m also a transfer student from De Anza College, and a student staff working at the Engineering Transfer Center, so feel free to reach out if you have any questions about anything! The Mechanical Engineering program is designed to provide basic knowledge in thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, solid mechanics, mechanical design, dynamics, control, mechanical systems, manufacturing, and materials. Find out which community college courses you need to complete for a specific Transfer Pathway with UC's Transfer Pathways Guide. 5 Check the Transfer Plan for your intended major to see if there are other science courses you could take for your degree. We offer fully-online exam review courses in both Technical Management and Engineering. Air Quality Permitting and Enforcement Exam. ) Desired qualifications. Note: You cannot disregard your college record and apply as a first-year student. D. 10 classes/48 units minimum. Advanced materials and systems for applications in space, energy and communications. R. lab. If you really want to do engineering, it’s best to apply to CoE and be denied than come here as L&S and not admission. TABLE OF CONTENTS UCLA Transfer Admission 4 Tips for Becoming a Strong Applicant 5 The mechanical engineering program is designed to provide basic knowledge in thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, solid mechanics, mechanical design, dynamics, control, mechanical systems, manufacturing, and materials. For entry in the fall of 2022, the UCI transfer acceptance rate was 40. 0 is the minimum required. • 9 yr. edu/transfer to determine which speciic courses you should be taking at your institution. We’re so glad you are exploring California State University, Northridge as your next institution of higher education. Latin Honors Eligibility Criteria Students who have achieved scholastic distinction may be awarded the bachelor’s degree with honors. A day where we invite current community college students who are interested to learn more about Bruin Engineering. Applicants to Chemical Engineering may take any C++, C, Java, or MATLAB course to satisfy the admission requirement, but lack of a MATLAB course equivalent to UCLA Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering M20 or Civil and Environmental Engineering M20 will delay time to graduation. –4 p. org for major specific Graduate School Timeline. For Majors in the Samueli School of Engineering. To be eligible, students must have completed 90 or more units (72. program for outstanding UCLA engineering undergraduates who have met certain criteria. Phone (310) 825-6542. 00. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in the UCLA General Catalog. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. The course reviews subjects covered in the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) PE Exam for Mechanical Engineers. Math 190, 191, 220, 270; (210 highly recommended- CSCI/CSE) Physics 1A, 1C, 1D. Along with the general selection criteria, every major has required and recommended coursework for transfer students to have completed in order to be considered competitive during the selection process. During the 2023 – 2024 academic year, our staff is working a hybrid model of in-office days and remote days each week. MAE 105D. 4: 3rd Quarter: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 131A (Intermediate Heat Transfer) or 133A (Engineering Thermodynamics) 2. EE: Electrical MA: Materials ME: Mechanical. The curriculum emphasizes breadth as well as depth. ) Bioengineering (B. 62. Project Management Professional (PMP)® Exam. Engineering writing requirement courses also approved for GE credit may be applied toward relevant GE foundation areas. ESAP students are also eligible for the M. Available majors. Sep 7, 2021 · September 7, 2021. Mechanical engineering, B. Required minimum transfer major preparation must be completed by the end of the spring term prior to fall admission. The College majors. Our office is generally open to students between the hours of 9 AM – 5 PM Monday through Friday. Students admitted to Fall 2022 and prior years Feb 15, 2024 · Transfer students who were classified as residents of California at their previous school should not assume that they’ll be classified as residents here. ucla. P/NP grading. Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program at UCLA. Here are all the majors included in the Transfer Pathways: Anthropology; Biochemistry; Biology UCLA does not currently accept MyBest TOEFL scores. These scores represent the minimum required for applicants to graduate programs at UCLA. 92. For information on UC, school, and general education requirements, see Requirements for B. As a transfer applicant, you should aim to complete most or all of the preparatory coursework for your desired major. Website Major Specific Transfer Criteria. Transfer students enter UCLA as juniors (third-year students), having taken enough courses at another institution. The UC application opens on July 1 for winter admission and Aug. You can apply for a fee waiver — provided you have your family’s income and the number of people supported by it — when you fill out the application. Transfer Applicants. . Preparation for the Major. The Engineering Transfer Center is located in the Engineering Student Resource Center at Boelter Hall 6288. , Ph. If you are interested in participating in a graduate Dec 18, 2023 · Below we present the most current available UC Irvine transfer acceptance rate as well as historical data. 1 for fall admission. Mechanical Engineering University of California, Los Angeles. Transfer Profile — Fall 2022. 3rd Quarter: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 131A (Intermediate Heat Transfer) or 133A (Engineering Thermodynamics) 2. Area Director: Professor Ajit Mal – ajit@seas. For students entering Fall Quarter 2009 through Fall Quarter 2016, the laboratory requirement is reduced to one 5-unit laboratory/demonstration or Writing II course from either subgroup. Your TOEFL score on the paper and pencil test must be at least 560 or at least 87 on the internet-based test. The program includes fundamental subjects important to all mechanical engineers. Spring 2021 *tentative schedule. Prepare for your professional certification exam with UCLA Extension. UCLA Samueli School of Engineering professors Laurent Pilon and Wilbur Marner have been honored with the 2021 American Society of Mechanical Engineers heat transfer memorial award, which recognizes contributions to the field of heat transfer through teaching, research, practice and design. 4: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 107 – Introduction to Modeling and Analysis of Dynamic Systems 2. Engineering Transfer Center. 4: UCLA Samueli GE Elective 3. org for major specific course requirements. (no conflict) MW 4:00PM-5:50PM (no conflicts) MAE 133A. Suggested Tracks The technical breadth area requirement provides an opportunity to combine elective courses in the Electrical Engineering major with those from another UCLA Samueli major to produce a The courses for the majors listed below are the minimum screening requirements for admission into that major. In most cases, this means that both the GPAs and completion of preparatory coursework from successful applicants tend to exceed the overall average. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department. 34. Major: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; UC Transfer Planner. Click in the major name below to see the courses you should pursue towards a specific major. (1) Seminar, one hour; outside study, two hours. Spring 2025. Required: Any four lower division courses from Political Science 10, 20, 30, 40 General Education (GE) courses introduce fundamental ideas in arts, humanities, social sciences, and science and challenge students to assess information critically; frame and deliver reasoned and persuasive arguments orally and in writing; and identify, acquire, and use the knowledge necessary to solve problems. Anjali Koganti, Aerospace Engineering ’24. Mechanical Engineering • Design and analyze complex parts and assemblies to applicable standards. Requirements in addition to general admission requirements and TAG criteria: Complete the following coursework and maintain a 3. However, all courses, course descriptions, instructor designations, curricular degree requirements, and fees described herein are Transfer Pathways give you a roadmap to prepare for your major and graduate on time from any UC campus. ) Civil Engineering (B. For undergraduates, UCLA Samueli will prepare you for success in meeting the ever-changing demands of the engineering profession. In Fall 2017, transfers came to UCLA from more than 100 different California community colleges. TR 2:00PM-3:50PM. Address: 48-121 Engineering IV Box 951597 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1597. After completion of preparation for the major courses, they need to petition to enter the major in the Undergraduate Office, 4269 Bunche Hall. EFFECTIVE WINTER 2024: Applicants to the Data Science Engineering minor must complete these minimum requirements with the grade indicated above AND they must earn the minimum grade (or better) on the first attempt in those courses. Xiaolin Zhong. If your school is unable to send electronic transcripts via the approved vendors listed above, paper transcripts can be mailed to: UCLA Undergraduate Admission. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1597. Please check in-office hours of the Engineering Transfer Center Director and Peer The Mechanical Engineering program is designed to provide basic knowledge in thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, solid mechanics, mechanical design, dynamics, control, mechanical systems, manufacturing, and materials. 7. Mechanical Engineering. Engineering – Master of Engineering Graduate Program at UCLA. If you’re unsure whether you qualify for in-state tuition at UCLA, visit the UC’s residency requirements page for more information. The UCLA Application for Graduate Admission should be used to apply. Credit awarded by UCLA as a result of AP exams is subject to change without notice. Professional Engineer (PE) Mechanical Exam. Mechanical Engineering (Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering) Mechanical Engineering is a program in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. Your IELTS Academic overall band score should be at least 7. Jump to: Physics. All majors. 4. Transfer applicants must complete lower-division preparation coursework specific to their intended majors. Computer Science. We’re looking for students like you. Special Courses in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. Engineering - MS in Engineering-Mechanical, Online. 4: Chemical Engineering 104A – Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory I 2. $90 nonrefundable application fee or fee waiver request. 420 Westwood Plaza, 48-121 Engineering IV Bldg. Students who want to make a difference in their communities. Effective oral and written communication. One transferable math course that has a prerequisite of intermediate algebra or higher. Nunez – 12/21/21. Minimum Eligibility Data Science is open to any undergraduate major at UCLA. universityofcalifornia. The Engineering Transfer Center at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science is happy to announce UCLA Engineering Day for prospective transfer students. Nanoscale and two-dimensional materials, metamaterials, plasmonics, metasurfaces. Winter 2021. As a transfer applicant, you must meet specific coursework, unit, and grade point average requirements as outlined below. Possible Conflicts. Mathematics 22A/B. Degree: Master of Science in Engineering – Mechanical. 141 Etcheverry Hall #1740 (510) 642-1338 me. Courses in the Life Science subgroup can be supplemented with the following choices: Chemistry and Biochemistry 153A, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering CM145, and Civil and Environmental Engineering M166. at Davis. The below tables show the SAT and ACT breakdown of UCLA students. This means that the UCI transfer acceptance rate is 43. Completion of the following course requirements by spring prior to transfer: Two transferable courses in English composition or critical thinking and writing. ESAP is for admissions to the graduate program of your BS department. The mechanical engineering program is designed to provide basic knowledge in thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, solid mechanics, mechanical design, dynamics, control, mechanical systems, manufacturing, and materials. wz ue nn am tu zm kw ny xl qa