CPU can request data from an I/O controller one byte at a time, which is wastage of time. Sep 27, 2023 · We can define it as Direct Memory Access (DMA) transfers the block of data between the memory and peripheral devices of the system, without the participation of the processor. Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the CPU. com/@varunainashotsIn this video You will get to know about What is DMA (Direct Memory access) with previo The DMA I/O technique is used in personal computer systems including those using Intel family of microprocessors. This is typically slower than copying normal blocks of memory since access to I/O devices over a peripheral bus Jun 24, 2024 · In the . I have given the download link of the PDF below click on the link to start downloading Nov 12, 2020 · In this video you'll learn the concept of I/O organization & DMA with Gate Questions. Direct Memory Access is a capability provided by some computer bus architectures that allows data to be sent directly from an attached device (such as a The Direct Memory Access (DMA) hardware peripheral on PIC ® microcontrollers (MCUs) allows for direct memory-to-memory mapping and multitasking behavior through concurrent operation of the DMA and the CPU. Nov 22, 2021 · Direct Memory Access berguna untuk pengoperasian perangkat yang membutuhkan banyak ruang untuk pengerjaan bersamaan. This application note describes how to use direct memory access (DMA) controller available in STM32F2, STM32F4 and STM32F7 Series. A Direct Memory Access (DMA) block is specifically designed for data movement and is therefore more efficient than CPU for transferring large data blocks. DMA 적용의 가장 큰 장점은 'CPU 부하'를 줄여준다는 것입니다 Direct Memory Access (DMA) is a capability provided by some computer bus architectures that enables data to be sent directly from an attached device, such as a disk drive, to the main memory on the computer's motherboard. These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparati Feb 14, 2023 · The addressing mode specifies a rule for interpreting or modifying the address field of the instruction before the operand is actually executed. For more details on NPTEL visit http:/ The MPC823 has a couple of DMA controllers that are shared among the on-chip peripherals and can also be used by simple off-chip peripherals. Note: Only DMA2 can do memory-to-memory transfer, in this mode, the circular and direct modes are not allowed. Jun 10, 2008 · Lecture Series on Computer Organization by Prof. These registers consist of a memory address register, a byte count register, and one or more Direct memory access (DMA) is a feature of computer systems that allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU). Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller Module Chapter Excerpt from SLAU208 Chapter 1 SLAU395F–August 2012–Revised March 2018 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller Module NOTE: This chapter is an excerpt from the MSP430x5xx and MSP430x6xx Family User's Guide. D. Between the memory and microprocessor data transfer occurs by using the LDA and STA. Understanding Direct Memory Access (DMA) DMA acts as a traffic controller, managing data flow between memory, the processor, and I/O devices. Bus Request : It is used by the DMA controller to request the CPU to relinquish Direct Memory Access (DMA)For the execution of a computer program, it requires the synchronous working of more than o. The AXI MCDMA was released in Vivado 2017. Auxiliary memory average access time is usually 1000 times that of main memory. Each DMA channel has associated with it a 16 bit • The eDMA module works in conjunction with the direct memory access multiplexer (DMAMUX), which routes DMA sources called slots to any of the DMA channels. A DMA Attack Primer. Robert Oshana, in DSP Software Development Techniques for Embedded and Real-Time Systems, 2006. Communication with the memory is similar to the direct memory access method. This allows the CPU to handle other tasks while the DMA controller transfers data. Should more than one channel receive a request to transfer data, a simple fixed Direct Memory Access (DMA) - 1 Notes offer in-depth insights into the specific topic to help you master it with ease. We refer to this circuit as a DMA controller. Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows devices to transfer data without subjecting the processor a heavy overhead. The CPU responds to the signal by storing the return address from the program counter (PC) into the memory stack and then branches to service that processes the I/O request. The I/O module performs the requested action and then AN3548. This allows fast transfer of data to and from devices May 5, 2023 · It requires two memory access. It is designed by Intel to transfer data at the fastest rate. Select MemToMem and click the Add button. 3. Namun, karena dapat mengakses data sendiri, sebenarnya kedua kartu tersebut dapat dihubungkan dengan DMA untuk mem-bypass CPU. 4. M. Mar 29, 2023 · The processor will have more time to execute other processes. DMA (Direct Memory Access) is a computer system feature that enables direct data transfer between memory and peripheral devices, like hard drives, without CPU intervention. Firstly, to configure a DMA channel, the address of the peripheral register present in the DMA_CPARx register is set. This enables more flexible usage of eXtreme Low Power (XLP) technologies through core-independent movement of data in low-power modes and Apr 6, 2023 · In the ‘Direct Memory Access’ or DMA data transfer mode the device requests the processor using a DMA controller to hold its data, address, and control bus. 6 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS. Sound card dan graphic card, misalnya, biasanya mengakses data yang disimpan dalam RAM melalui CPU. Apr 1, 2015 · Page Maker. Priority Interrupt Direct memory Access 28 84 IV Input –Output Processor (IOP) 29 IV Pipeline And Vector Processing 30 85 IV Parallel Processing, Pipelining 31 IV Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction Pipeline 86 32 IV Dependencies, Vector Processing 87 33 V Memory Organization 34 V Memory Hierarchy, Main Memory –RAM And ROM Chips 89 35 V Direct Memory Access Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Award of Degree of Computer Science; Direct Memory Access (DMA) DMA Steps Notes; PCI Bus Architecture; How to Use Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller in Traveo II Family; DICE: Automatic Emulation of DMA Input Channels for Dynamic Firmware Analysis; Direct Memory Nov 28, 2022 · Standard Direct Memory Access (also called third-party DMA) adopts a DMA controller. For more subjects like C, DS, Algorithm,Computer Network,Compiler Desig Microprocessor - 8257 DMA Controller. 1) A conversion of signal values may be required 2) A synchronization mechanism may be needed. Unlike RDMA, this advanced technology provides direct memory-to-memory communication and excludes Direct Memory access can resolve the CPU availability in a hardware environment. Description. 2) Addressing modes for branch. Initialization, status, and management registers are accessed Mar 14, 2024 · Direct memory access (DMA) allows hardware devices to transfer data between themselves and memory without involving the CPU. The direct memory access (DMA) I/O technique provides direct access to the memory while the microprocessor is temporarily disabled. This is called a “one-cycle” or “fly-by” DMA transfer (same as device w/built-in). This subsystem facilitates the transfer of data between the CPU and its peripheral without CPU assistance. In other words, we can say, effective address is stored at memory location 500. Using the DMA is ideal when an application requires moving large amounts of data from an off-chip peripheral to on In this section, let us look at how to configure the DMA unit in STM32 Blue Pill. Mar 2, 2023 Knowledge. Initialization, status, interrupt and Dec 16, 2021 · DMA（Direct Memory Access）とは、入出力装置から主記憶装置（メインメモリ）へのデータ転送をCPUを介さず直接行う方式のことです。 Direct Memory Access（ダイレクトメモリアクセス）の名前の通り、CPUを介さずにメモリに直接アクセスする方式です。 Jan 30, 2020 · And once again, this direct access to memory can provide an avenue for attack. ioc file, Click “ System Core ” –> “ DMA “. It is further classified into two categories: Register Indirect, and Memory Indirect. They reduce CPU overhead when data is being transferred. The DMA controller features, the system architecture, the multi-layer bus matrix and the memory system contribute to provide a high data bandwidth and to develop very low latency response-time software. #DirectMemoryAccess #DMA #ComputerArchitecture #ShanuKuttanCSEClassesThis video explains the concept of Direct Memory Access (DMA) in Computer Architecture i . 1 Memory Access. Feb 15, 2018 · DMA (डीएमए) का पूरा नाम direct memory access (डायरेक्ट मैमोरी एक्सेस) है. The way by which the CPU and lOP communicate depends on the level of sophistication included in the system. The DMA controller takes over the buses by the following two commands: Oct 11, 2022 · 56989 - LogiCORE IP AXI Video Direct Memory Access v6. The term DMA stands for direct memory access and it is a feature in computer networks. DMA controllers temporarily borrow the address, data, and control buses from the microprocessor to transfer data directly between an I/O port and memory locations. 1 and newer tool versions; 55218 - LogiCORE IP AXI Video Direct Memory Access - Horizontal shear/shift in output video Section 22. This application note describes how to record, store and playback a mono audio sound using Direct Memory Access (DMA) and various Core Independent Peripherals (CIP) present on the newer PIC18 devices. There are three main configurations for DMA: Single-bus Oct 4, 2023 · Lists of Long Descriptive type Questions that may be asked in Written Exams. Direct Memory Access. Jul 18, 2023 · Direct Memory Access uses hardware for accessing the memory, that hardware is called a DMA Controller. The main benefit of using DMA is more efficient data movement in the embedded system. DMA transfers are performed by a control circuit that is part of the I/O device interface. During DMA the CPU is idle and it has no control over the memory buses. Raman, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Madras. The interesting factor of the system May 14, 2023 · Step-1: First of all the floppy drive will send a DMA request (DREQ) to the DMAC, it means the floppy drive wants its DMA service. 1 Features The DMA controller transfers data between peripheral data registers and data space SRAM. Oct 10, 2019 · DMA is an abbreviation of direct memory access. The DMA controller performs the functions that would normally be carried out by the processor when accessing the main memory. 그 결과, 컴퓨터 시스템의 전반적인 성능과 효율성이 크게 향상됩니다. The data transfer rate of peripherals is usually slower than the transfer rate of the CPU. The most recent version of the full user's guide is available from Jan 11, 2021 · This type of data transfer technique is known as DMA or direct memory access. In this, the interface transfer data to and from the memory through memory bus. 11-2 Input-Output Interface Interface. Most of the overhead work is left to the DMA controller. Direct Memory Access (DMA) is a process of transferring data from one memory location to another without the direct involvement of the processor (CPU). youtube. 1. The dsPIC33E/PIC24E DMA subsystem uses dual-ported SRAM memory (DPSRAM) and register structures that allow the DMA to operate across its own independent address and data buses with no impact on CPU operation. Direct Memory Access (DMA) Direct Memory Access (DMA) 22 In addition, DMA transfers can be triggered by Timers as well as external interrupts. It has the work of transferring the data between Input Output devices and main memory with very less interaction with the processor. Direct Memory Access, or DMA, was invented to solve this problem. Increases the price of the system. 3 Nov 13, 2022 · It’s important to note that the operating system is never interrupted by an ISR. For example, a typical cache memory may have an access time of 100ns, while main memory access time may be 700ns. Increase the speed of data transfer from the main memory to the I/O module. Direct Memory Access (DMA) Direct memory access is a capability provided by DSP computer bus architectures that allows data to be sent directly from an attached device (such as a disk drive or external memory) to other memory locations in the DSP address space. When a user wants to access memory from an I/O device (such as a disk drive), the user must first inform the operating system that they are going to perform the operation. 3. Learn from this article how DMA works, the principles, the types of DMA, and some of its benefits and limitations. In this method, the memory is accessed in a specific linear sequential manner, like accessing in a single Linked List. Prototype DirectCXL Using the DMA is a great way to transfer data between SFRs, GPRs and PFM in different configurations. 12/18/2017 3. Passing this traffic up to the OS and back down again is slow The AXI Video Direct Memory Access (AXI VDMA) core is a soft AMD IP core that provides high-bandwidth direct memory access between memory and AXI4-Stream type video target peripherals. Working of DMA: This approach is called direct memory access, or DMA. Specifically, we will be using the ePWM and ADC modules to generate and sample a Jan 29, 2024 · RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) Direct memory access (DMA) enables peripheral device transfers of data to system memory without engaging CPU. Sequential Access:-. This application note provides a working knowledge of the MPC57xx eDMA controller by covering the following topics: introduction and overview of DMA controllers, features of the MPC57xx eDMA module, interaction between the eDMA and Write short note on DMA. Question-1 Explain the Direct Memory Access. Otherwise, the processor would have to copy each piece of data from the source to the destination. DMA एक ऐसी विधी है जिसके द्वारा डेटा को कंप्यूटर की RAM (रैंडम एक्सेस मैमोरी) से Jul 30, 2019 · Concept of Direct Memory Access (DMA) - The microcomputer system basically consists of three blocksThe microprocessorThe memories of microprocessor like EPROM and RAMThe I/O ports by which they are connected. Example: LOAD R1, @500. Peripherals. The possible data transfers are indicated below. In the DMA Request, select MEMTOMEM like the below image. Introduction. The processor relinquishes the system bus for a few clock cycles. Definition: A direct memory access (DMA) is an operation in which data is copied (transported) from one resource to another resource in a computer system without the involvement of the CPU. It includes detailed information about the exam syllabus, recommended books, and study materials for a well-rounded preparation. The DMA data transfer is initiated only after receiving the acknowledgment signal from the microprocessor. This lesson shows how Jan 8, 2024 · Direct Memory Access (DMA): DMA basically stands for Direct Memory Access. The above instruction is used to load the content of the memory location stored at memory location 500 to register R1. A DMA write transfers data from an I/O device to memory. Thus we can allow the peripherals directly communicate with each other using the memory buses, removing the intervention of the CPU. This Release Note and Known Issues Answer Record is for the AXI DMA and contains the following information: For installation instructions, general CORE Generator known issues, and design tools requirements, see the IP Release Notes Guide (XTP025). Oct 20, 2022 · These are 4 types of memory access methods: 1. In this example, data is transferred from the ADC output registers to internal memory without any CPU intervention. The DMA controller can produce memory addresses and launch memory read or write cycles. Jan 2, 2021 · We've learned how interrupts relieve the CPU of the burden of polling, but what about the data transfer? A DMA will handle that for us. . Direct Memory Access (DMA) Data Transfer. This technique is known as DMA. A PC’s ISA DMA controller has 8 DMA channels of which 7 are available for use by the device drivers. 0 - "FAILURE : Behavioral models do not support built-in FIFO config… 54448 - LogiCORE IP AXI Video Direct Memory Access - Release Notes and Known Issues for Vivado 2013. After the peripheral event occurs, the data will be transferred from/to this 3. Apr 24, 2024 · Introduction. May 14, 2023 · The daisy-chaining method involves connecting all the devices that can request an interrupt in a serial manner. This feature permits particular hardware systems to allow the memory of the main system like RAM separately from the CPU. 22. By passing the CPU in every data transfer, it improves the data throughput by boosting efficiencies. A DMA controller temporarily borrows the address bus, data bus, and control bus from the This answer record contains the Release Notes and Known Issues for the AXI Video Direct Memory Access Core and includes the following: General Information; Known and Resolved Issues; Revision History; This Release Notes and Known Issues Answer Record is for the core generated in Vivado 2013. The Direct Memory Access(DMA) controller performs the role of the station master and helps in speeding up the process of transferring data between input-output DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS (DMA) Direct Memory Access (DMA) transfers the block of data between the memory and peripheral devices of the system, without the participation of the processor. Refer to the below image. Interrupt servicing of the device is still accomplished using the software. Feb 19, 2021 · When the flag is set, the interface is informed and an interrupt is initiated. IBM PC had 4, used 0 for DRAM refresh (timer, highest pri. Addressing modes for 8086 instructions are divided into two categories: 1) Addressing modes for data. Please consult the note at the beginning of the “Direct Memory Access (DMA)”. DMA ( Direct Memory Access) controller is being used in graphics cards, network cards, sound cards etc…. The core provides efficient two dimensional DMA operations with independent asynchronous read and write channel operation. 47654 - AXI Video Direct Memory Access (VDMA) - Release Notes and Known Issues. DMA controllers can seamlessly transfer data between memory and on-chip peripherals, or between memories without CPU intervention. Memory & I/O are controlled simultaneously. Two DMA channels must be allocated to read and write to a peripheral. Step-3: After accepting the DMA service request from the DMAC, the CPU will send hold acknowledgment (HLDA) to the DMAC, it means the microprocessor has 69734 - AXI Multichannel Direct Memory Access (MCDMA) - Release Notes and Known Issues. For example, a network adapter or Firewire device may need to read and write information quickly. The objective of this lab is to use the Direct Memory Access (DMA) controller to regularly service the ADC in a real-time data processing application. This may not be fast enough for a large chunk of data transfer from DISK. DMA can save processing time and it is a more efficient way to move data from the computer's memory to other devices. So the device is free to transfer data directly to/from the memory. Direct Memory Access (DMA) block is specifically designed for data movement and is therefore more eficient than CPU for transferring large data blocks. The unit that controls the activity of accessing memory directly is called a DMA controller. It allows the device to transfer the data directly to/from memory without any interference of the CPU. ) PC/AT extended to 7. The Direct Memory Access (DMA) - 2 is an invaluable resource that delves deep into the core of the Computer Science Engineering (CSE) exam. Implement CXL software runtime that allows users to utilize the underlying disaggregated memory resources through sheer load/store instructions. By offloading these tasks from the CPU, DMA frees up processing power for other critical operations, ultimately enhancing computer performance. In very-large-scale computers, each processor is independent of all others and any one processor can initiate an operation. S. DMA blocks in PSoCTM 6 MCU implement a data Oct 4, 2023 · D. This enables more flexible usage of eXtreme Low Power (XLP) technologies through core-independent movement of data in low-power modes and This application note describes how to use the direct memory access (DMA) controller in XMC7000 family MCUs. Step-2: Now the DMAC will send a HOLD signal to the CPU. The DMA module provides a hardware method of transferring data between peripherals and/or memory without intervention from the CPU, effectively freeing up the CPU for other functions. 3 Direct Memory Access (DMA) #. It follows a series of steps to successfully configure the unit. Disadvantages. For example, Processors – providing necessary control information, address etc. Recall that the Virtual memory implementation is supported by Disk. This application note explains the functioning of DMA controllers in the series, initial configuration, and data transfer operations with use cases. › This enables the DMA to read and write data from/to any module. DMA). Cache coherence problem can be seen when DMA is used for data transfer. It is a process which enables data transfer between the Memory and the IO (Input/ Output) device without the need of or you can say without the involvement of CPU during data transfer. This Release Note and Known Issues Answer Record is for the AXI Multichannel Direct Memory Access (MCDMA) IP and contains the following information: General Information. Programmed I/O:When the processor is executing a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O, it executes that instruction by issuing a command to th. By using the DMA to move data, the CPU is saving instruction cycles that could be used on other critical tasks. A DMA controller manages to transfer data between peripherals and memory unit. In a system, DMA blocks also provide an independent data transfer engine, which relieves the CPU of bandwidth for data transfers. Direct Memory Access: DMA is a way to move data between the CPU and I/O devices. This comprehensive document covers all aspects related to Direct Memory Access (DMA) - 1. DMA is also used for intra-chip transfer in multi-core processors. DMA will be transferring data while the CPU is executing. In this case there is direct data transfer between an I/O device and memory, data Is not transferred Disaggregate memory over CXL and integrate the disaggregated memory into processor-side system memory. The Direct Memory Access (DMA) controller is an important subsystem in Microchip's high-per-formance 16-bit Digital Signal Controller (DSC) families. • The eDMA module works in conjunction with the direct memory access multiplexer (DMAMUX), which routes DMA sources called slots to any of the DMA channels. This configuration is governed by the priority of the devices. So a different scheme called DMA (Direct Memory Access) is used. The Direct Memory Access (DMA) controller is an important subsystem in Microchip’s high-performance 16-bit Digital Signal Controller (DSC) families. This Release Notes and Known Issues Answer Record for AXI CDMA contains the following information: For installation instructions, general CORE Generator known issues, and design tools requirements, see the IP Release Notes Guide (XTP025). 1 INTRODUCTION. To understand the functionality described and terminology used in this application note, see the “Direct Memory Access” chapter of the architecture technical reference manual (TRM). It covers multiple hardware registers that can be read and written by the CPU. memory to I/O device etc. DMA stands for Direct Memory Access. A is also referred to as hardware controlled I/O, D. The start addresses for the source and destination can be configured using the Source Start Address (DMAxSSA) and Destination Start Address (DMAxDSA) registers, respectively. 47650 - AXI Central Direct Memory Access (CDMA) - Release Notes and Known Issues. Its optional scatter gather capabilities also offload data movement tasks from the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in processor based systems. CPU and DMA work concurrently. Dec 13, 2021 · All the Direct Memory Access Questions & Answers given below includes solution and link wherever possible to the relevant topic. Application example DMA hardware requests. A DMA controller allows devices to transfer data to or from the system’s memory without the intervention of the processor. buses – to transfer information and data to and fro. 47652 - AXI Direct Memory Access (DMA) - Release Notes and Known Issues. This interrupt causes the CPU to deviate from what it is doing to respond to the I/O transfer. The typical access time ratio between cache and main memory is about 1 to 7. Asynchronous Data Transfer Modes, Priority Interrupt, Direct Memory Access, Input-Output Processor (IOP), Serial Communication; Introduction to Peripheral Components, Interconnect (PCI) Bus, Introduction to Standard Serial Communication Protocols like RS232, USB, IEEE1394. There is a unit that controls the activity of accessing memory directly and is called a DMA controller. In the case of Throwhammer, the VUSec team notes that: “…an attacker can trigger and exploit Rowhammer bit flips directly from a remote machine by only sending network packets. Download Direct Memory Access Controller PDF Notes. Depending on the device variant, this manual section may not apply to all dsPIC33E/PIC24E devices. e component of a computer. One of the key challenges today is to ensure there is a fast and reliable method of data transfer between memories, both on-chip and This family reference manual section is meant to serve as a complement to device data sheets. The AXI Direct Memory Access (AXI DMA) IP provides high-bandwidth direct memory access between memory and AXI4-Stream-type target peripherals. Dec 18, 2017 · Functions of DMA DMA read transfers data from the memory to the I/O device. Applications of this sequential memory access are magnetic tapes, magnetic disk and optical memories. Link to share. The Direct Memory Access (DMA) hardware peripheral on PIC ® microcontrollers (MCUs) allows for direct memory-to-memory mapping and multitasking behavior through concurrent operation of the DMA and the CPU. appropriate I/O module. 1 and newer tool versions. CPU needs to address the device controllers to exchange data with them. Direct Memory Access (DMA) in Embedded Systems. The DMAMUX allows Kinetis MCUs to support a large number of peripheral DMA requests using 16 or 32 DMA channelsperipheral DMA requests using 16 or 32 DMA channels. › The DMA is connected to both SRI and SPB with master interfaces. The DAC allows for much better reproduction of sampled audio signals because of the higher 8-bit resolution. The given figure depicts this arrangement. Direct Memory Access is a capability designed into modern devices to provide components or peripheral devices with direct high-speed access to the system’s memory. The hardware unit that controls the DMA transfer is a DMA controller. A is the only type of I/O transfer in which the Microprocessor is not involved in the transfer of data between the memory and the external device . Title. The DMA controller has read/write access of the data space (RAM) and read-only access of the Flash memory and EEPROM. The Throwhammer exploit developed by VUSec provides a perfect example. It allows for speed and ease of use, as well as for freeing up the CPU to perform other tasks. Implement CXL controller that employs multiple DRAM modules on a remote side. The 8086 memory addressing modes provide flexible access to memory usually done by means of direct memory access of large blocks of data. Using a DMA controller, the device requests the CPU to hold its data, address and control bus, so the 1. The access time depends on the location of the data. DMA blocks in PSoC™ 6 MCU implement a data transfer engine Nov 8, 2019 · 👉Subscribe to our new channel:https://www. Each DMA channel is unidirectional. Jan 12, 2024 · DMA는 Direct Memory Access의 줄임말로, CPU를 거치지 않고 데이터를 메모리와 다른 장치 사이에서 직접 전송하는 기능을 제공합니다. 3) Data codes and formats in peripherals differ from the word format in the CPU and Memory 4) The operating modes of May 14, 2023 · Direct Memory Access: The data transfer between a fast storage media such as magnetic disk and memory unit is limited by the speed of the CPU. DMA is a method of data transfer between main memory and peripheral devices. New Features. Freescale’s enhanced Direct Memory Access (eDMA) controller. DSP Architectures. The device with the highest priority is placed first followed by the second highest priority device and so on. Three techniques are possible for I/O operations: OInterrupt-driven I/ODi. A stands for direct memory access . Sep 23, 2021 Knowledge. The DMA controller takes over the buses to manage the transfer directly between the I/O devices and the memory unit. DMA controller transfers the data to and from memory without the participation of the processor. The MPC57xx family of microcontrollers features. This Release Note and Known Issues Answer Record is for the AXI VDMA and contains the following information: General Information. Removing the CPU from the path and letting the peripheral device manage the memory buses directly would improve the speed of transfer. fw if js bg bk to dt ed ce ap